Calculate the Compound Annual Growth Rate between an initial and final value.
CAGR = ((Final Value / Initial Value)^(1 / Years) − 1) × 100. CAGR smooths out the ups and downs of individual years into a single constant annual growth rate — it's the rate that, if applied every year, would take the initial value to the final value over the given period.
CAGR = ((Final Value / Initial Value)^(1 / Years) − 1) × 100. It expresses growth over multiple years as a single smoothed annual percentage.
No. A simple average of yearly returns can be misleading because it ignores compounding. CAGR gives the single constant rate that would take the initial value to the final value over the period.
Yes — if the final value is lower than the initial value, CAGR will be negative, reflecting an overall decline over the period.